CIBELES is a god of Phrygian origin, mainly the Greeks identified with Rhea, wife of Cronus and mother of the Olympian gods. It was a fertility goddess, mistress of the wild whose sanctuary was situated on Mount Díndimo in Pesina Phrygian city. In this sanctuary could be seen a stone statue of the goddess who was believed to fall from the sky. From Phrygia the cult hit worldwide Greek and later Roman world when, in 204 BC, the Romans took the stone statue of the goddess to Rome erected a temple on the Palatine. The goddess is depicted in art wearing a crown on the head with battlements and seated on a throne flanked by two lions or on a cart pulled by two of these beasts in which they had become Hippomenes Atalanta and her lover.
is famous for its love affair with the god Attis and her jealousy of the beautiful nymphs. Cibeles is the Attis wife, a young neutered and rituals associated with male sexual mutilation. Variants of the mythological goddess of love with this young neutered version that Phrygian Cybele was born from the semen of Zeus, dropped as a result of an erotic dream while sleeping, and possessed both male and female sexual organs.
Legend has it that the gods, to discover that Cybele was a hermaphrodite, castrated male genitalia of the goddess and of them was born an almond tree whose fruits were eaten by the nymph Nana, thus conceiving the god Attis. The nymph gave birth and nursed him scapegoat and raised him into a handsome young man that any girl he fell in love looking at it. Cybele was one of those who fell in love with him and, fearing to marry another, instilled in him the madness which he castrated himself, which caused his death. Other versions, like the poet Ovid ( Fasti, IV, 223 et seq.) Attribute the pain castration of the god Attis, who self-mutilate after learning she had killed Sagaritis Cybele, a nymph Atis forests which was madly in love, and whose ultimate consequence was his death at the foot of a pine tree and the birth of the so-called purple flower from his blood.
The mother goddess Cybele is accompanied always by maenads Corybantes crazy and running his melodies to the accompaniment of flutes, cymbals and drums and is associated with cult rituals that promised mystery salvation and life after death introduced into Rome from the end of the imperial era through the Greek world.
In ROMAN RELIGION is the second half of March when held various rituals associated with the goddess Cybele and her lover Attis devoted to this tree, pine. Were the parties called Attideia , instituted as an official holiday in the Roman calendar by the Emperor Claudius. Commemorated in them the death and resurrection of the god Attis.
The holiday period begins March 15 with the sacrifice of a bull and a procession of Canoforos to the river Almo to get reeds that are taken to Palatine Hill on parade you want to remember the furtive loves of Attis with the nymph daughter of the river that had triggered the jealousy murderers of Cibeles and its disastrous consequences.
was followed by a period of nine days that the celebrants of the cult were abstaining from certain pleasures, like eating pork, fish, drinking wine and having sex, eating only bread, quince fruit grenade.
Arrived at March 22 was celebrated Arbor Intrater , which led in procession to the temple of Cybele on the Palatine felled a pine tree in the sacred grove of the goddess and adorned with ribbons and violets. Outlined covered with a shroud as if the corpse of the deceased Atis and celebrated a Triduum of mourning, in which people venerated the relic to the sound of background music on the basis of drawings and sounds of flutes curves and beat their breasts with dried pineapple or your hands to be injured in their own bodies in memory of the castration of Attis.
Thereafter, on 24 , considered Sanguis Dies (Day of Blood), they proceeded to bury the pine in a cellar are boxwood trunks, drums, rattles and other instruments drum dances amid the frenzy reached such a degree that dancers and officiating priests used, as a lesser evil, made cuts on his arms with his blood to water the pine and the altar and as ecstatic about his divine madness and his devotion to Cybele, and Attis and the sacred pine, finish castrating his genitals with a flint stone.
the night of 24 to 25 March was spent in a vigil at dawn was breaking 25 the proclamation to cries of "EVOH" resurrection of Attis and holding a big party carnival.
After a day of rest, the party concluded on 27 March with a procession of ablution in that, are happy flutes and tambourines in a cart pulled by oxen to the river Almo had to wash the sacred objects used during the holidays, including silver framed emblem of the goddess Cybele. Then he returned to the sanctuary where these objects were stored until the following spring.
The various ceremonies this spring festival were primarily intended to promote fertility fields with the imminent spring and give people the belief in the promise of a future life after death that the mystery religions sought to disseminate.
tradition in this monograph is currently living in religious and secular ceremonies, such as agricultural character called "Mayos or Cruces de Mayo" and commemorations of Holy Week and Easter Christian.
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For its proximity to the place where I write this article and because tomorrow begins the month of April ( Aprilibus Kalendis ) I do mention a closely related party nominally Murcia with Kalendas and in the background with the worship of nymphs aquifer and the goddess Cybele, the PARTIES KALENDE APRILIA (Black Cave-Fortuna, Murcia) for which I will discuss in the next few days, and started the month of April. 
BAD HOC scripsit Pridi KALENDE APRILE MMXI
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